TPTE+640

TPTE 640 Theory Class Goal to think about how you think the world is ordered.

Thomas Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions p. 93 "Political Revolutions aim to change institutions... (get rest of quote)"
 * Kuhn**

-With a different paradigm you really are looking from different perspective. -Falsification of a theory does not mean that they theory is invalid. Popper 146- 147 -Revelant Community creates the Paradigm : Kuhn p. 94.

Learning Theory
Cognitive - Developmental Theory - DeJean Piaget intristic motivation is more covered in Cognitive

Behaviorist Theory - Skinner Don't worry about what is happening inside the brain and behavior is based on learned behavior "learning is a change in behavior" - Skinner developed operant conditioning Stimulus, action, reinforcer or lack of it, - Teacher

Differences Motivation Nature of Knowledge = Behaviorist believe is out there. Outside the individual, if its systematically taught = Cognitive - it is structured or constructed by the individual as they experience it

They are very abstract, we can't falsify or prove them.

Positivist There is an objective truth. Quantitative =

Qualitative researchers will discover upon self examination that they are located among the conventionalists. Positivism is founded on the assumption of an objective world which has order independent of human perceptions. The goal of positivist sci­ence is to discover the order built into the world by stripping away the mask of nature. From a positivist perspective, the world is giving off signal that can be measured.

Conventionalist = researchers who endeavor to examine the assump­tions which undergird their kind of science will find themselves standing within the world of positivism.

__**Mix Methods**__ Using Qualitative and Quantitive Research Methods

__**Pragmatism**__ What are research assumptions that support pragmatism as research paradigm.

__**POSTPOSITIVISM**__
 * In [|philosophy] and [|models of scientific inquiry], **postpositivism** (also called //postempiricism//) is a [|metatheoretical] stance that critiques and amends [|positivism] . **Postpositivists** believe that human knowledge is based not on unchallengeable, rock-solid foundations, but rather upon human // [|conjectures] //. As human knowledge is thus unavoidably conjectural, the assertion of these conjectures is //warranted//, or more specifically, justified by a set of // [|warrants] //, which can be modified or withdrawn in the light of further investigation. However, postpositivism is not a form of [|relativism] , and generally retains the idea of [|objective truth].


 * Critical Theorist** = Believe that people experience reality partially based on there individual subgroups, gender, race, etc..FEMINIST, ETC

__**My Theory Paradigm Ideas**__ Develop drafts of theoretical frameworks related to a proposed research project that you will present twice during the semester
 * Assignment**
 * Development of a **methodological** and a **substantive** theoretical framework (25 points each)

Substantive Theory : the how - big picture, not necessarily the same as your methodolical, how you conceptualize learning, Methodological framework : Research paradigm,

__**Substantive**__ Constructionist Based point of View? Probably more Positivist with all the neuroscience.
 * //Universal Design For Learning//**

__**//Methodoligical//**__ While it might be pushing the some people's view of a scientific Paradigm the field of Education is built around several fundamental truths. What education paradigm is being used in education. We can define the paradigm of education currently by the common elements and assumptions of most educational K-12 institutions. I'm going to define this paradigm as the "School is good Paradigm". The school for this purpose includes some of the common assumptions of schools including "Grade Levels based on age, Grading rather content mastery, and teacher as primary delivery vehicle of information. A contrary Methodolical
 * //Mastery Based Tracking in a nonlinear Curriculum//**

UDL, Neurodiversity, Curriculum mastery